Antenna construction

ABSTRACT

A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio broadcast reception and two-way radio operation which antenna includes an exposed or mast portion extending from the vehicle body and having the appearance of a standard vehicle broadcast antenna and an electrical connector portion extending from the mast. The mounting arrangement comprises a hollow connector element of electrically conducting material adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle, a hollow supporting element connected to the connector element and extending from the vehicle body, and an insulator fixed in the supporting element and firmly contacting the antenna connector portion. The antenna mast can be detachably connected to the antenna connector portion which then is fixed in the insulator, or the antenna mast and connector portions are integral in which case a connecting means is fixed in the insulator and releasably connects to the antenna connector portion. The antenna connector portion can be formed in a manner defining an air line along the connector portion.

ilnited States Patent [191 [11 3,852,757 Kaiser 1 Dec. 3, 1974 [54] ANTENNA CONSTRUCTION 57 ABSTRACT [76] Inventor: Robert G. Kaiser, 394 Woodstock,

Tonawanda, NY. 14150 [22] Filed: Apr. 26, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 354,474

[52] US. Cl 343/713, 343/888, 343/900, 343/901, 343/906 [51] Int. Cl. ..1-10lq 1/10, l-101q 1/32 [58] Field of Search 343/711, 712', 713, 715, 343/720, 888, 900, 901, 906, 883, 872, 904, 905

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,298,140 10/1942 Mace 343/889 X 2,367,196 l/1945 Butler 343/901 X 2,470,693 5/1949 Finke et a1... 343/888 X 2,697,785 12/1954 Stewart 343/888 X 3,545,148 12/1970 Mandino 343/715 X 3,725,942 4/1973 Ukmar 343/715 Primary Examiner-James W. Lawrence Assistant Examiner-Marvin Nussbaurn Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Christel & Bean A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio broadcast reception and two-way radio operation which antenna includes an exposed or mast portion extending from the vehicle body and having the appearance of a standard vehicle broadcast antenna and an electrical connector portion extending from the mast. The mounting arrangement comprises a hollow connector element of electrically conducting material adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle, a hollow supporting element connected to the connector element and extending from the vehicle body, and an insulator fixed in the supporting element and firmly contacting the antenna connector portion. The antenna mast can be detachably connected to the antenna connector portion which then is fixed in the insulator, or the antenna mast and connector portions are integral in which case a connecting means is fixed in the insulator and releasably connects to the antenna connector portion. The antenna connector portion can be formed in a manner defining an air line along the connector portion.

16 Claims, 9 Drawing Figures PAIENTEL DEB 31974 sum 20F 3 o 5 6 7 Q 5 5 Q 8 M, W 7 g 7 w 7 W a 7 S Q q f k 0 F c I q A IJ7//////II. v A n v v m w 4?! 7 7 U W r w W 6 a 3 a a 6 3 2 2 o 6 7 9 9 7 z W U 9 7 7 W ma 7 I, 6 W\ -74 6 7 r0 7 4 40 Z 5 0 H 2 2 9 7 0 7 6 7 w 7 7 ANTENNA CONSTRUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES FIG. 1 is a fragmentary elevational view of a vehicle This invention relates to the antenna art, and more equipped with an antenna mounting arrangement acparticularly to a new and improved antenna for use on land vehicles.

Government, police, commercial and fleet vehicles and the like often are equipped with two-way radios which require a specially constructedantenna installed on the vehicle. Vehicle antennas for two-way radios heretofore'often are mounted on the roof or rear portion of the vehicle, and the location together with the size and characteristic appearance of such antennas enables immediate detection of a vehicle equipped with a two-way radio.

Mounting of the antenna on the roof or rear of a vehi- SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is, therefore, anobject of this invention to provide a new and improved vehicle antenna for use with special purpose radio equipment.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a new and improved vehicle antenna which permits both standard broadcast reception and two-way radio operation from a single antenna which is disguised in appearance to resemble a standard broadcast vehicle antenna.

It is a further object of this invention. to provide such an antenna capable of operating at the relatively higher power levels required for two-way radio operation.

It is a further object of this invention to provide such an antenna which can be readily and easily detached from the vehicle by hand if necessary when the vehicle enters areas with overhead obstructions.

It is a further object of the invention to provide such an antenna having a construction which is relatively economical to manufacture and which has arelatively long wear life.

The present invention provides a mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio broadcast reception and two-way radio operation which antenna includes an exposed portion or mast extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle broadcast antenna and an electrical connector portion extending from the mast. The mounting arrangement comprises a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body, and insulator means fixed in the supporting portion and firmly contacting the antenna connector portion. The mounting arrangement includes means for releasably connecting the antenna thereto, and the antenna connector portion can be formed in a manner defining an air line along the connector portion.

The foregoing .and other objects, advantages and characterizing features of this invention will become apparent from the ensuing detailed description, reference being made to the accompanying drawing.

cording to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an elevational view with parts removed of a vehicle antenna providing with the mounting arrangement of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the antenna mounting ar rangement of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of a portion of the antenna of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view of a modification. of the antenna mounting arrangement of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an antenna mounting arrangement according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an antenna mounting arrangement according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view taken through the window of a vehicle and showing in elevation an antenna mounting arrangement according to another embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the mounting arrangementof FIG. 8.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a land vehicle in the form of a conventional automobile having a body 10 wherein an antenna 12 is mounted on vehicle body 10 by an arrangement 14 according to the present invention. Antenna 12 pro vides both standard radio broadcast reception and twoway radio operation and includes an exposed or mast portion disposed generally vertically from vehicle body 10 and having the appearance of a standard vehicle broadcast antenna. Antenna 12 is connected by a transmission line (not shown) to a suitable frequency separating or filter network 15 which may also include appropriate impedance matching as is readily understood by those skilled in the art. A transmission line 16 connects network 15 to a standard vehicle radio broadcast receiver 18 which is located in the customary position in the dashboard of the vehicle. Another transmission line 20 connects network 15 with two-way radio apparatus 22 which, for example, can be mounted under the vehicle dashboard. Radio apparatus 22 provides both transmission and reception of radio signals at a frequency designated for special communications of government, police and commercial personnel as well as in fleet vehicles. Apparatus 22 can be of many commercially available varieties and a detailed description thereof is believed to be unnecessary.

Referring now to FIG. 2 vehicle body 10 is provided with a mounting hole or aperture 30 for receiving the antenna mounting arrangement 14 which is positioned in aperture 30 so that the mast or exposed portion of antenna 12 is disposed generally vertically. A first clamping member such as a nut 32 is connected to mounting arrangement 14 below body 10 such as by threads provided on the outer surface of mounting 14 and is positioned to engage the undersurface of body 10 A cap-like clamping member 36 is fitted over mast l2 and placed on the upper surface of body 10 and is secured in position by a clamping nut 38 which is threaded on the portion of the mounting arrangement extending or positioned above body 10. The combination of clamping members 32 and 36 and clamping nut 38 is merely exemplary and can be replaced by various alternative shapes and forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, nut 32 could be replaced by a pair of bracket members connected toopposite sides of mounting arrangement l4 and bearing against the lower surface of body with cap 36 and nut 38 bearing against the upper surface of body 10. The mast of antenna 12 is of the telescoping tubular type, shown in FIG. 2 having three axially movable metal sections, which is of well-known construction and in wide-spread use as a standard radio receiving antenna for automobiles.

Referring now to FIG. 3, the mounting arrangement of the present invention comprises a hollow connector element 40 of electrically conducting material which is adapted to be fixedly secured to vehicle body 10. In particular, connector element 40 is machined from metal such as stainless steel to a generally cylindrical shape and form. Alternatively, element 40 can comprise what is known in the art and commercially available as an N type barrel connector. Connector 40 is provided with external threads 42 adjacent one end thereof, which is the bottom end when installed in the vehicle body, and is provided with threads 44 along the inner surface thereof adjacent the opposite end of the connector. Connector 40 along with the other components of the antenna mounting arrangement are fixedly connected to the vehicle body 10 by an assembly such as elements 32, 36 and 38 shown in FIG. 2. In addition, connector element 40 should be either in direct contact with the metal vehicle body 10 or in contact with an element of electrically conducting material which is in contact with body 10, for a reason which will be described presently.

The mounting arrangement further comprises a hollow supporting member 48 which is connected to connecting member 40 and extends in a direction outwardly from vehicle body 10 and preferably in a generally vertical direction. Supporting member 48 is cast from suitable metal such as stainless steel and is provided with threads 50 on the outer surface adjacent one end thereof whereby supporting member 48 is threaded into connecting member 40. Supporting member 48 also is provided with threads 32 on the outer surface adjacent the other end thereof. When the antenna and mounting arrangement are installed in place, a component of the clamping assembly such as nut 38 shown in FIG. 2 is connected on threads 52 of supporting member 48. Supporting member 48 has the general shape of a sleeve and includes a first inner surface portion 54 extending from the end adjacent threads 52 along a major portion of the axial length of supporting member 48 and a second, larger-diameter inner surface portion 56 extending from the end provided with threads 50 and meeting portion 54 in an oblique annular surface 57. Supporting member 48 can include a pair of oppositely-directed wings or flats 58, 59 for use with alternative clamping assemblies different from the illustrative assembly of elements 32, 36 and 38 shown in FIG. 2.

The mounting arrangement further comprises insulator means 60 positioned in supporting member 48 and being in the form of a sleeve having an outer diameter and surface configuration substantially equal to the inner diameters and configuration of supporting means 48 whereby insulator is in firm contact with the inner surface of supporting member 48. Sleeve 60 is of suitable electrically insulating material, preferably Teflon or Delrin, having a generally uniform wall thickness along a major portion of the axial length thereof which meets a relatively thicker portion 62 at one end thereof, the two portions meeting in an oblique annular surface which along with the outer surface of portion 62 mates with the inner surface 56 and annular surface 57 of supporting member 48. The wall thickness along the major portion of insulator sleeve 60 is approximately equal to the thickness of the wall of supporting member 48 which is about one-sixteenth of an inch.

The mounting arrangement of the present invention further comprises an antenna connector portion extending from the mast or exposed portion of antenna 12 for enabling electrical connection to be made to the antenna. The antenna connector portion is positioned in supporting member 48 and has one end in connector member 40, and the antenna connector portion comprises a rod 66 of electrically conducting material such as stainless steel having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of insulator sleeve 60 whereby insulator 60 and rod 66 are in firm contact with each other. Antenna connector portion 66 therefore is electrically insulated from vehicle body 10. The antenna connector rod 66 extends a short distance beyond the end of insulator 60 which is in connector member 40 and terminates in a relatively smaller diameter boss or extension 68. An electrical connector member 70 in the form of an N type female contact is connected on boss 68 whereby a transmission line center conductor can be connected to the antenna connector portion 66 and hence the antenna mast as will be explained in further detail presently. Connector 66 is provided at the opposite end thereof with a threaded end portion 72 which extends beyond the end of insulator sleeve 60. The mast or exposure portion of antenna 12 is provided at the bottom end thereof with a hollow, internally threaded portion 74 whereby the mast is threaded onto connector portion 72 with the result that antenna 12 is releasably or detachably connected to the mounting arrangement.

One method of forming the assembly of antenna connector 66, insulator 60 and supporting member 68 is as follows. Insulator sleeve 60 is provided, being either previously formed in the desired shape or machined such as by drilling to give the desired inner and outer diameters, size and shape. Then rod member 66 is forced or pushed into sleeve 60 to the final position as illustrated in FIG. 3. The combination of rod 66 and sleeve 60 then is pushed into casting 48 so that portion 62 firmly abuts the inner surfaces 56 and 57 of casting 48. Connector member 66 can be provided with ribs or flats on the outer surface thereof, and then the entire combination can be placed in a press to crimp and mechanically bond the elements together.

After the mounting arrangement has been installed in the vehicle body such as by the assembly shown in FIG. 2, the antenna 12 is connected electrically to the radio equipment in the following manner. A section of coaxial transmission line is connected at one end thereof by a suitable electrical connector member to connector element 40 of the mounting arrangement so that the outer conductor of the transmission line is connected electrically to connector element 40 and the inner conductor thereof is connected to contact or connector member 70. As a result, the transmission line inner conductor is connected electrically to antenna 12 and the outer conductor is connected electrically to vehicle body which serves as an electrical ground or reference. The other end of this transmission line is connected to network 15 shown in FIG. 1.

The shape, size and material of insulator sleeve 60 provides a dielectric portion of the mounting arrangement which is suitable for electrical operation at a power level of around 100 watts which is requiredfor two-way radio operation. and is considerably higher than the power level required for ordinary radio reception. Thus the arrangement of the presentinvention enables the antenna to operate at the different power levels required for two-way radio transmission and reception and for standard radio reception. The mounting arrangement is relatively rugged in construction yet also relatively simple so as to be easy and economical to install and maintain. The mounting arrangement of the present invention enables a conventional whip or mast type antenna 12 to be used for both two-way radio operation and standard radio broadcast operation thus providing an antenna permitting both standard broadcast reception and two-way radio operation from a single antenna which is disguised in appearance to resemble a standard broadcast .vehicle antenna. This, in turn, prevents interference with investigative efforts and also prevents theft of the valuable special purpose radio equipment from the vehicle when it is unattended. The

operation of bothtypes .of radio equipment from a simple antenna also obviates the need to provideadditional holes or apertures in the vehicle body for a separate antenna.

The mounting arrangement of the present invention advantageously enables the mast or exposed section of antenna 12 to be manually detached or disconnected when desired, for example prior to entering areas with overhead obstructions such as some garages and some carwash installations. The antenna mast simply is twisted by hand to unscrew the skirted nut portion 74 at the end of the mast from the threaded end 72 of antenna connector portion 66. It is necessary to fix the length of the mast or exposed portion of antenna 12 when the system is tuned for a particular frequency of two-way radio operation. The telescoping mast portion is fixed in length by the provision of means within the mast limiting movement of the mast sections in one direction. In particular and referring to FIG. 4, this can have the form of a generally cylindrical element 80 of suitable material such as plastic having outer surface portions which conform to corresponding inner surfaces of the mast sections, wherein adjacent surface portions meet at annular steps or seating surfaces such as step 82 for limiting the movement of a particular tubular section in one direction. Steps 82 are located along element 80 according to the desired length of the antenna mast. As shown in FIG. 4, element 80 when inserted in the mast of antenna 12 terminates at a position within the second last tubular section thereby providing a seat for limiting downward movement of the top conductor of mast 12. By virtue of this arrangement, should the antenna mast sections be pulled or moved upwardly relative to the vehicle, all that is necessary is that they be moved as far as possible in a downward direction until each movable section abuts its corresponding seat 82 on element 80. The antenna 112 then is again tuned to the proper frequency. By virtue of this arrangement, the length of antenna 12 is fixed completely internally without any exposed pins or the like so that the dual purpose of antenna 12 is completely disguised.

FIG. 5 illustrates a modification of the mounting arrangement whereby a section of the antenna connector portion 66 is constructed to define an air line. An air line is a transmission line wherein a region of air is provided between the center and outer conductors of the line and is well known to those skilled in the art.

A connector member 66' has a threaded portion 72 and a boss or extension 68' like the connector 66 shown in FIG. 3. The outer diameter of conductor 66 adjacent each end is substantially equal to the inner diameter of insulator sleeve 60 to provide a tight fit between the two elements. The remaining portion of conductor 66 is an intermediate section 86 of smaller or reduced diameter which provides an annular region of air 87 between portion 86 and insulator 60. The provision of an air line lowers the voltage standing wave ratio on the antenna which enhances the two-way radio operation by minimizing or eliminating any reflection of power by the antenna back to the equipment when the two-way radio apparatus is in the transmitting mode.

FIG. 6 illustrates a mounting arrangement according to another embodiment of the present invention and including a connector element 90 which is identical in size, shape and material to connector member 40. Connector member 90 is provided with threads 92 on the outer surface adjacent the bottom end thereof as viewed in FIG. 6 and is provided with threads 94 on the inner surface thereof adjacent the opposite end thereof. The mounting arrangement further comprises a supporting element 98 in the form of a hollow metal casting provided with threads 100 on the outer surface adjacent one'end thereof whereby supporting member 98 is threaded into connecting member 90 in a manner similar to the connection of supporting element 48 in connector element 40 in the embodiment of FIGS. 2-5. Supporting member 98 is provided with threads 102 on the outer surface adjacent the other end thereof onto which is connected a fastener forming a, pair of a clamping assembly similar to the assembly shown in FIG. 2. Supporting member 98 is generally cylindrical in shape having a first section 104 of constant inner diameter extending along a major portion of the axial length thereof and a second section 106 of slightly larger diameter along the remainder of the length of supporting element 98.

The mounting arrangement according to this embodiment further comprises insulator means in the fonn of a sleeve 108 of electrically insulating material, preferably Teflon or Delrin, including a first section 110 having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of section 104 of supporting element 98 and a second section 112 having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of section 106. The wall thickness of sleeve 108 is substantially the same along the entire length thereof, preferably about one-sixteenth of an inch, with the result that the inner surface sections of the sleeve correspond to the two outer surface sections 110 andllZ, thereof so as to define an internal annular surface or seal 114 for a purpose which presently will be described.

In this embodiment, the antenna mast portion and connector portion are integral. In particular, the mast or exposed portion of antenna 12 is formed with an integral extension in the form of a rod 116 of electrically conducting material having a diameter such that rod 116 is in movable contact with the inner surface of section 110 of sleeve 108 and having an axial length substantially equal to that of sleeve section 110. Rod 116 is slidable within sleeve 108 and terminates in a smaller diameter threaded portion 118.

The mounting arrangement according to this embodiment further comprises connecting means in the form of a nut 120 fixed in insulator 108 and releasably or detachably connected to connector to connector portion 116 of antenna 12. ln particular, nut 120 has an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of insulator section 112 and is fixed with insulator 108 in abuttment with seat 114. The captive nut 120 is provided with threads 122 whereby the threaded portion 118 of conductor 116 is threaded into nut 120 at I one end thereof, i.e., from the top as viewed in FIG. 6. Nut 120 also is provided with an integral boss or extension 124 extending from the other end thereof which is connected to an electrical connector element 126 whereby electrical connection is made from the center conductor of a transmission line to connector 116 and the mast or exposed portion of antenna 12. The mounting arrangement also can include a spacer member 130 in the shape of a ring or washer of plastic or other suitable material having two different outer diameter portions thereby defining an outer annular seat. Spacer 130 is placed in contact with an annular seat 132 formed in connector 90, and the annular seat of spacer 130 abuts against the end face of insulator sleeve 108.

The mounting arrangement of FIG. 6 is assembled in the following manner. Nut 120 is swaged into insulator 108, and if desired, a water resistant sealant material can be applied between nut 120 and insulator 108 prior to this operation. Electrical connector 126 is soldered on extension 124 of nut 120. Then insulator 108 is press-fitted into supporting member 98 and is fixed or secured therein by means of a locking means in the form of an externally threaded pin 134, which is threaded through or into aligned apertures provided in supporting member 98 and insulator 108. Thus, locking means 134 extends through supporting member 98 and into engagement with insulator 108 for preventing relative movement between insulator 108 and supporting member 98. The locking means or fastening means 134 is provided with an axial bore 136 which allows escape or drainage of any water which might happen to collect within the mounting arrangement. Supporting member 98 then is threaded into connector member 90 whereupon the antenna 12 can be connected or disconnected manually to the mounting arrangement simply by moving connector member 116 into insulator 108 and then rotating the antenna to connect the threaded end 118 into nut 120. Spacer member 130 serves as a take-up washer allowing connector member 90 to be tightened against spacer member 130 and the bottom edge or end face of supporting member 98.

Insulator member 108 is of Delrin material which provides the required amount of electrical insulation for operation in the 100 watt power range for two-way radio operation while at the same time allowing insulator 108 to be pressfitted in supporting member 98. The provision of a connector member 116 integral with the antenna mast permitting easy manual detachment of the antenna from the mounting arrangement provides several additional important advantages. Connector member 116 extends into and along a major portion of the length of insulator 108 and of supporting member 98 thereby providing an antenna of significant mechanical strength. As shown in FIG. 6, antenna connector portion 116 fits firmly within the entire length of insulator section 110, and threaded end 118 of connector 116 within nut extends along most of the length of insulator section 112. This added strength is of particular importance if the vehicle experiences intense vibration at high speeds. In addition, the provision of an integral antenna connector portion 116 having a diameter less than that of the antenna mast portion and which extends into the insulator member and supporting member for connection to nut 120 allows the portion of the antenna mast adjacent the mounting arrangement to be of constant outer diameter thereby enhancing the outer appearance thereof. Further, this constant outer diameter prevents visual determination of the fact that the antenna is being used for two-way radio operation. The length of the antenna is fixed by an arrangement identical to that of FIG. 4 according to the operating frequency in the two-way radio mode.

FIG. 7 shows an antenna mounting arrangement according to another embodiment of the present invention. The mounting arrangement includes a hollow connector element 140 of electrically conducting material provided with threads 142 on the outer surface adjacent one end thereof and provided with threads 144 on the inner surface adjacent the other end thereof. Connector member 140 is formed or machined to include an internal annular seating surface 146 approximately mid-way along the axial length thereof and disposed in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of connector 140. Connector 140 is of substantially the same shape, size and material as connectors 90 and 40 of the preceeding embodiments.

The mounting arrangement further comprises a hollow supporting element 150 preferably cast from metal and provided with threads 152 adjacent one end thereof whereby supporting member 150 is threaded into connector 140. Connector member 150 is provided with threads 154 on the outer surface adjacent the other end thereof, and it is seen that supporting member 150 is of generally the same shape, size and material as supporting members 98 and 48 of the preceeding embodiments. Supporting element 150 is generally cylindrical with a substantially uniform inner diameter portion 156 extending along a major portion of the axial length thereof which meets a larger diameter portion 158 extending along the remainder of the axial length. The portions 156 and 158 meet at an annular surface 160 disposed in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of supporting element 150.

The mounting arrangement according to this embodiment of the present invention further comprises an insulator means 162 in the form of a sleeve having a first portion 164 with an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter portion 156 of supporting element 150 whereby insulator 162 fits into the end of supporting member 150 in firm contact therewith. lnsulator sleeve 162 includes a second portion 168 having an outer diameter slightly larger than that of portion 164 thereby defining an annular seat which abuts against the end face of supporting element 150 adjacent threads 154. Antenna [2 is formed to include an integral connector portion of electrically connecting material in the form of a rod including a first section 170 having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of insulator 162 which section 170 has an axial length less than that of insulator 162, in the present instance about one-half thereof. Section 170 of the connector element merges with a relatively smaller diameter section 172 which extends along a major por-- tion of the axial length of supporting element 150 and is generally coaxial therewith. An annular region of air 173 is between section 172 of the antenna connector portion and supporting element 150 thereby providing an air line along section 172. The mounting arrangement further comprises a second insulator element 176 which is fitted in the end of supporting member 150 in a manner such that one end thereof firmly abuts the annular surface or seat 160 of supporting member 150 and the opposite end of insulator 176 firmly abuts the annular seat 146 of connector member 1410. Insulator member 176 is provided with a central passage or bore for firmly receiving an electrical connector member in the form of an UHF female connector member or contact 180 which is disposed in connector element 140. The end of member 180 which is held by insulator 176 is substantially flush with the end surface of insulator 1'76 and is provided with an internally threaded bore for receiving a threaded end of conductor portion 172. Insulators 162 and 176 are of suitable electrically insulating material such as Teflon or Delrin.

To assemble the mounting arrangement of FIG. 7, section 170 of the antenna connector portion is swaged into insulator 160 whereupon insulator 160 is fitted firmly into the one end of supporting element 150. Insulator member 176 then is fitted into the other end of supporting member 150 and then connector element 140 is threaded onto the end of supporting element 150 thereby securing insulator 176firmly in place. Then antenna 12 is attached to the mounting arrangement by inserting the connector portion thereof into insulator sleeve 162 and supporting element 150 and rotating the antenna to thread the end of rod 172 into the end of electrical connection member 180 which is fixed in insulator 176. Section 170 of the antenna conductor portion fits firmly in insulator sleeve 162 and section 170 meets the slightly larger diameter bottom of the mast of antenna 12 in an annular surface of seat which firmly abuts against the end face of insulator 162. As in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the constant diameter bottom section of the antenna 12 precludes visual determination of the dual function of antenna 12.

The arrangement of FIG. 7 provides an air line in the connection of the mast or exposed portion of antenna 12 to the remainder of the circuit which results in a reduction of the voltage standing wave ratio on the antenna. When the antenna is operated in a transmitting mode this'advantageously reduces or minimizes the reflection of power back to the transmitting equipment in the vehicle. The mounting arrangement provides this advantage in an antenna permitting two-way radio operation from an antenna having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio receiving antenna. The provision of an air line along antenna connector section 172 within supporting element 150 enables the overall length of antenna 12 to be relatively shorter thereby obviating the need to make the antenna of this embodiment manually detachable. This in turn allows insulator 160 to be bonded to support member 150 and to antenna connector section 170 so as to protect the air line. As in the preceding embodiments, the length of the antenna is fixed or maintained internally by means similar to that shown in FIG. 4.

The arrangements of FIGS. 3 and 6 are intended for use with antennas operating with no gain in the 30-50 megacycle range or with gain in the 150 megacycle range, both operating parameters relating of course to two-way radio operation. The embodiment of FIG. 5 is especially desirable for antenna operation in the 150 megacycle range with no gain or in the 450 megacycle range with gain. The arrangement of FIG. 7 is intended for antenna operation in the'450 megacycle range with no gain.

In each of the foregoing embodiments the connector elements 40, and are threadably connected to the corresponding supporting elements 48, 98 and 150, respectively. The connector element can of course be connected or secured to the supporting element in various other ways. In addition, rather than having separate connector and supporting elements they could be formed in a one-piece, integral cast or molded part if desired. In that case the mounting arrangement would comprise a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material adapted to be secured to the vehicle body and a rigid supporting portion extending from the vehicle body. As in the foregoing embodiments, the insulator would be fixed in the supporting portion and in firm contact with the antenna connector portion.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show another embodiment of the mounting arrangement of the present invention for use with a vehicle antenna of the type wherein the mast comprises a spring-loaded wire which lie against the inner surface of a window of the vehicle. FIG. 8 illus' trates a portion of the rear window of a vehicle, the bottom or lower edge of which is sealed in a strip of molding 187 or rubber or similar material which, in turn, is fitted securely betweenwalls 188, 189 of a channel formed in the vehicle body 10. The vehicle body 10 includes a rear shelf portion 190 within the window 185. The antenna mast comprises a length of spring-loaded wire 192 of spring steel or other suitable metal 192 which extends in a generally upward direction along and against the inner surface of window 185. In this type of antenna, found in relatively recent model vehicles, wire 192 typically has a diameter of 0028-0032 inch and may in some instances be colored so as not to be immediately or readily seen by the human eye. The other end of wire 192 extends into a mounting arrangement 194 according to this embodiment of the present invention which now will be described.

Referring now to FIG. 9, a generally hollow mounting element has a connector portion 196 of electrically conducting material such as stainless steel. In the present connector portion 196 comprises a separate element of generally hollow cylindrical shape and provided with threads 198 on the outer surface of a reduced diameter end portion thereof which fits into an aperture or opening provided through vehicle body 10 and shelf 190. A clamping means in the form of a nut 200 is tightened onto threads 1198 against the bottom surface of vehicle body 10 as viewed in FIG. 9, and an intermediate portion of connector 196, which has an outer diameter larger than the end portion having threads 198, is provided with an annular seat or surface 202 disposed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of connector 196 which firmly engages or abuts the upper surface of shelf 190 as viewed in FIG. 9 whereby connector 196 is firmly secured to vehicle body 10. Connector member 196 includes a first inner surface portion 204 extending from the end adjacent threads 198 for approximately half-way along the length thereof which meets a second, larger diameter inner surface portion 206 which extends along the remainder of the axial length of connector 198. Connector element 196 is provided with threads 208 on the outer surface thereof adjacent the end opposite the end having threads 198. Connector element 196 has the shape and size of a standard TNC type female connector.

The mounting element further comprises a supporting portion which extends from the vehicle body and which in the present instance comprises a separate supporting element which is connected to connector element 196. The supporting element comprises a hollow, generally cylindrical body 210 having the shape and size of a standard TNC connector body, and over one end of body 210 there is journalled a connector barrel 212, a bearing 214 being provided between the two elements and received or positioned in aligned annular recesses formed in each element. Connector barrel 212 is provided with threads 214 on the inner surface adjacent the bottom end thereof as viewed in FIG. 9 whereby connector 212 and hence the entire supporting element is threadably connected onto the threads 208 of connector member 196.

The mounting arrangement 194 further comprises insulator means fixed in the supporting portion of the hollow mounting element and firmly contacting the antenna conductor. Wire 192 which provides the antenna mast is fitted adjacent the lower end thereof as viewed in H6. 9 into a sleeve 220 of electrically insulating material, preferably Teflon. Of course, the insulation comprising sleeve 220 could be molded or formed onto the end portion of wire 192 if desired. A small length of the end portion of wire 192 is left exposed, extending beyond the end of insulator 220, whereby a male electrical contact pin member 222 is secured to the end of wire 192 by means of a fastener or screw 224. lnsulator sleeve 220 is fitted snugly within or into an axial bore or passage provided in a sleeve 226 of electrically insulating material which, in turn, fits snugly within supporting element 210 so as to be fixed therein. lnsulator 226 also preferably is of Teflon material. Sleeve 226 is provided with a larger diameter inner passage for receiving the end of another tubular insulator 228 which, in turn, snugly fits in region 204 of connector 196. lnsulator 228 also is of electrically insulating material, preferably Teflon, and is provided with an axial bore or passage of constant diameter along the entire axial length thereof. A hollow, quill-like female electrical contact member 230 is fitted in the bore through insulator 228 so as to connect with contact pin 222 and to extend at the other end beyond insulator 228 and the threaded end 198 of connector 196. The assembly is completed by a plug-like member 232 of electrically insulating material, preferably Delrin material, which firmly embraces sleeve 220 and threads into the end of supporting element 210.

junction cover (not shown) then can be fitted over the The wire antenna 192 which rests against window 6 is connected to the vehicle radio equipment in the following manner. A transmission line (not shown) connects wire 192 and connector element 196, the lattransmission line and connected onto threads 198. The mounting arrangement can be disassembled relatively easily for repair or maintenance since plug 232 can be unscrewed from the end of supporting element 210 and unscrewing of barrel 212 disconnects element 210 from connector 196. lnsulator 226 which embraces insulator 220 can be withdrawn therefrom. The antenna mast including wire 192 is detachable from the connector portion for easy maintenance.

The antenna mounting arrangement according to this embodiment of the present invention is particularly desirable for vehicles having an antenna integrated into the front windshield and thus no exterior of externally exposed antenna. Any other exterior or externally exposed antenna that could be readily seen on such vehicles would not be in the disguised antenna category for that vehicle. As seen in FIG. 8, the antenna does not shown as an external antenna, and the mounting arrangement is not readily discernible, being hidden from view by the molding at the lower portion of the vehicle window. The spring wire 192 which lies against window 185 is relatively thin and not easily discernible.

The foregoing arrangement provides two-way radio operation in the VHF and UHF range from a spring wire type antenna. The arrangement of connector element 196, supporting element 210 and the insulator means therein allows operation at the relatively higher power levels required for two-way radio operation in a manner similar to the previously described embodiments. The foregoing advantages are provided by a mounting arrangement which is relatively simple and economical to manufacture and maintain and can be easily installed in vehicles.

It is therefore apparent that the present invention accomplishes its intended objects. While several embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, this is for the purpose of illustration, not limitation.

1 claim:

1. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and twoway radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antenna connector portion extending from said mast portion and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising:

a. a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body;

b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion;

c. insulator means fixed in said supporting portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion, said antenna connector portion being fixed in said insulator means; and

d. means releasably connecting said antenna mast portion to said antenna connector portion whereby said mast portion can be removed from said mounting arrangement.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one end of said antenna connector portion extends beyond said insulator means and is threaded into an end of said antenna mast portion.

3. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and twoway radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antenna connector portion extending from said mast portion integral therewith and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprismg:

a. a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body;

b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion;

c. insulator means fixed in said supporting portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion, said antenna connector portion being slidably received in said insulator means;

d. connecting means fixed in said insulator means and releasably connected to said antenna connector portion whereby said antenna can be removed from said mounting arrangement; and

locking means extending through said supporting portion of said mounting element and into engagement with said insulator means for preventing relative movement between said insulator means and said mounting element.

4. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said connecting means comprises a captive nut which threads onto the end of said antenna connector portion.

5. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said locking means is positioned in aligned apertures provided in said supporting portion and said insulator means and wherein said locking means is provided with a passage to allow escape of any water which may accumulate within said insulator means.

6. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and twoway radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antenna connector portion extending from said mast portion integral therewith, and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising:

a. a generally hollow mounting element comprising a connector member of electrically conducting material adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and a supporting member threaded into said connector member and extending from the vehicle body, said connector member being provided with an internal annular seat, the end of said supporting member being spaced from said seat;

b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion;

c. insulator means comprising a sleeve fitted in said supporting member of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion, said antenna connector portion being slidably re 'ceived in said insulator means;

d. connecting means fixed in said insulator means and releasably connected to said antenna connector portion whereby said antenna can be removed from said mounting arrangement; and

e. washer means contacting said seat and the end of said insulator sleeve when said supporting member is threaded into said connector member.

7. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and twoway radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antanna connector portion extending from said mast portion and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising:

a. a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to'be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body;

b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion;

0. insulator means fixed in said supporting portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion; and

d. said antenna connector portion contacting said insulator means adjacent each end of said antenna connector portion, said antenna connector portion including an intermediate section between the ends thereof spaced from said insulator means thereby defining an air line along said intermediate section.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said insulator means comprises a sleeve and said antenna connector portion comprises a rod having first diameter sections adjacent each end of said rod and fitting snugly within said sleeve and having a second, smaller diameter section between said first sections defining said air line. i

9. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and twoway radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antenna connector portion extending from said mast portion and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising:

a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body;

b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion;

c. insulator means fixed in said supporting portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion; and

d. said insulator means extending along a portion of said supporting portion of said mounting element and said antenna connector portion having a first section firmly contacting said insulator means and a second smaller section spaced within said insulator means by an amount sufficient to define an air line in said hollow mounting element so as to reduce the voltage standing wave ratio on the antenna when operating in a transmitting mode in the v.h.f. and u.h.f. frequency ranges.

10. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said insulator comprises a sleeve fitted into the end of said supporting portion of said mounting element, wherein said antenna connector portion comprises a rod having a first diameter section fitted snugly within said sleeve and a second smaller diameter section spaced from said supporting portion, and wherein said apparatus further comprises holding means of insulating material fixed in said supporting portion adjacent said antenna connector portion and embracing said second diameter section of said rod.

11. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and twoway radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and c. insulator means fixed in said supportion portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion;

d. said antenna mast portion including a plurality of axially movable telescoping sections; and

e. means within said mast portion defining at least one seating surface for abutting at least one of said sections to fix the length of said mast as determined by the particular mode of two-way radio operation.

12. Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said means to fix the mast length comprises a member having outer surface portions which conform to corresponding inner surfaces of said mast sections, adjacent surface portions meeting at seating surfaces which are located along said member according to the desired length of said mast, whereby when said mast sections are moved so that the ends thereof abut corresponding seating surfaces the length of said mast is fixed.

13. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing two-way radio operation, said antenna comprising a wire of spring metal having a portion adapted to rest against the surface of a window of the vehicle and a connector portion to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising:

a. a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body adjacent said window;

b. said antenna wire extending into said mounting element so that said antenna connector portion is adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and part of said wire is in said supporting portion; and

c. insulator means fixed in said supporting portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna wire.

14. Apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said insulator means comprises a first insulator surrounding the portion of said wire in said mounting element and a second insulator firmly embracing said first insulator and fixed in said supporting portion.

15. Apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said mounting element comprises a connector element removably connected to a supporting element and wherein said insulator means comprises a first insulator surrounding the portion of said wire in said supporting element, a second insulator firmly embracing said first insulator and fixed in said supporting element, and a plug of insulating material embracing said first insulator and removably connected in an end of said supporting element.

16. Apparatus according to claim 14, further including electrical contact means connected to said wire and extending along and beyond said connector portion of said mounting element and further including a third insulator embracing said contact means nd fixed in said connector portion of said mounting element. 

1. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and two-way radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antenna connector portion extending from said mast portion and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising: a. a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body; b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion; c. insulator means fixed in said supporting portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion, said antenna connector portion being fixed in said insulator means; and d. means releasably connecting said antenna mast portion to said antenna connector portion whereby said mast portion can be removed from said mounting arrangement.
 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one end of said antenna connector portion extends beyond said insulator means and is threaded into an end of said antenna mast portion.
 3. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and two-way radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antenna connector portion extending from said mast portion integral therewith and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising: a. a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and havIng a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body; b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion; c. insulator means fixed in said supporting portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion, said antenna connector portion being slidably received in said insulator means; d. connecting means fixed in said insulator means and releasably connected to said antenna connector portion whereby said antenna can be removed from said mounting arrangement; and e. locking means extending through said supporting portion of said mounting element and into engagement with said insulator means for preventing relative movement between said insulator means and said mounting element.
 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said connecting means comprises a captive nut which threads onto the end of said antenna connector portion.
 5. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said locking means is positioned in aligned apertures provided in said supporting portion and said insulator means and wherein said locking means is provided with a passage to allow escape of any water which may accumulate within said insulator means.
 6. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and two-way radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antenna connector portion extending from said mast portion integral therewith, and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising: a. a generally hollow mounting element comprising a connector member of electrically conducting material adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and a supporting member threaded into said connector member and extending from the vehicle body, said connector member being provided with an internal annular seat, the end of said supporting member being spaced from said seat; b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion; c. insulator means comprising a sleeve fitted in said supporting member of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion, said antenna connector portion being slidably received in said insulator means; d. connecting means fixed in said insulator means and releasably connected to said antenna connector portion whereby said antenna can be removed from said mounting arrangement; and e. washer means contacting said seat and the end of said insulator sleeve when said supporting member is threaded into said connector member.
 7. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and two-way radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antanna connector portion extending from said mast portion and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising: a. a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body; b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion; c. insulator means fixed in said supporting portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion; and d. said antenna connector portion contacting said insulator means adjacent each end of said antenna connector portion, said antenna connector portion including an intermediate section between the ends thereof spaced from said insulator means thereby defining an air Line along said intermediate section.
 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said insulator means comprises a sleeve and said antenna connector portion comprises a rod having first diameter sections adjacent each end of said rod and fitting snugly within said sleeve and having a second, smaller diameter section between said first sections defining said air line.
 9. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and two-way radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antenna connector portion extending from said mast portion and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising: a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body; b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion; c. insulator means fixed in said supporting portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion; and d. said insulator means extending along a portion of said supporting portion of said mounting element and said antenna connector portion having a first section firmly contacting said insulator means and a second smaller section spaced within said insulator means by an amount sufficient to define an air line in said hollow mounting element so as to reduce the voltage standing wave ratio on the antenna when operating in a transmitting mode in the v.h.f. and u.h.f. frequency ranges.
 10. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said insulator comprises a sleeve fitted into the end of said supporting portion of said mounting element, wherein said antenna connector portion comprises a rod having a first diameter section fitted snugly within said sleeve and a second smaller diameter section spaced from said supporting portion, and wherein said apparatus further comprises holding means of insulating material fixed in said supporting portion adjacent said antenna connector portion and embracing said second diameter section of said rod.
 11. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing both standard radio reception and two-way radio operation, said antenna including a mast portion extending from the body of the vehicle and having the appearance of a standard vehicle radio antenna and an antenna connector portion extending from said mast portion and to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising: a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body; b. said antenna connector portion having one end adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and a part thereof in said supporting portion; c. insulator means fixed in said supportion portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna connector portion; d. said antenna mast portion including a plurality of axially movable telescoping sections; and e. means within said mast portion defining at least one seating surface for abutting at least one of said sections to fix the length of said mast as determined by the particular mode of two-way radio operation.
 12. Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said means to fix the mast length comprises a member having outer surface portions which conform to corresponding inner surfaces of said mast sections, adjacent surface portions meeting at seating surfaces which are located along said member according to the desired length of said mast, whereby when said mast sections are moved so that the ends thereof abut corresponding seating suRfaces the length of said mast is fixed.
 13. A mounting arrangement for a land vehicle antenna providing two-way radio operation, said antenna comprising a wire of spring metal having a portion adapted to rest against the surface of a window of the vehicle and a connector portion to which electrical connection is made, said mounting arrangement comprising: a. a generally hollow mounting element having a connector portion of electrically conducting material and adapted to be secured to the body of a vehicle and having a supporting portion extending from the vehicle body adjacent said window; b. said antenna wire extending into said mounting element so that said antenna connector portion is adjacent said connector portion of said mounting element and part of said wire is in said supporting portion; and c. insulator means fixed in said supporting portion of said mounting element and firmly contacting said antenna wire.
 14. Apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said insulator means comprises a first insulator surrounding the portion of said wire in said mounting element and a second insulator firmly embracing said first insulator and fixed in said supporting portion.
 15. Apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said mounting element comprises a connector element removably connected to a supporting element and wherein said insulator means comprises a first insulator surrounding the portion of said wire in said supporting element, a second insulator firmly embracing said first insulator and fixed in said supporting element, and a plug of insulating material embracing said first insulator and removably connected in an end of said supporting element.
 16. Apparatus according to claim 14, further including electrical contact means connected to said wire and extending along and beyond said connector portion of said mounting element and further including a third insulator embracing said contact means nd fixed in said connector portion of said mounting element. 